Table 1: Demographic characteristics of the focus group participants
CharacteristicNo. (%) of participantsRangeMedianMean
Sex, n = 62
    Female36 (58)
    Male26 (42)
Age, yr, n = 5840-876866
Language(s) spoken,* n = 58
    Punjabi52 (90)
    English32 (55)
    Hindi24 (41)
    Urdu9 (16)
    Other3 (5)
Country of birth, n = 58
    India49 (84)
    Pakistan6 (10)
    Other3 (5)
Years in Canada, n = 581-618†19
Religious affiliation, n = 57
    Sikhism43 (75)
    Other8 (14)
    None6 (10)
Highest level of education, n = 57
    No formal education8 (14)
    Elementary school22 (39)
    High school/other diploma9 (16)
    University degree or higher18 (32)
Annual household income, $, n = 26
    < 40 00021 (81)
    ≥ 40 0005 (19)
No. of items endorsed on South Asian Identity Scale,‡ n = 587-1099

*Some participants spoke more than 1 language; all spoke either English or Punjabi.

†The median varied substantially from focus group to focus group (from 5 years in groups 1 and 9 [female] to 21 years in group 4 [male]).

‡Out of 10.