| Characteristic | No. (%) of people* | Standardized difference, %† | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Immigrants (n = 1 947 646) | Long-term residents (n = 9 244 570) | ||
| Age, yr, mean ± standard deviation | 44.1 ± 15.5 | 47.3 ± 19.2 | 17 |
| Age category, yr | |||
| 16-19 | 76 073 (3.9) | 599 264 (6.6) | 12 |
| 20-29 | 290 314 (14.9) | 1 510 757 (16.3) | 4 |
| 30-39 | 419 949 (21.6) | 1 380 229 (14.9) | 17 |
| 40-49 | 493 544 (25.3) | 1 498 785 (16.2) | 23 |
| 50-59 | 370 569 (19.0) | 1 657 095 (17.9) | 3 |
| 60-69 | 163 899 (8.4) | 1 301 436 (14.1) | 18 |
| 70-79 | 86 024 (4.4) | 775 156 (8.4) | 16 |
| ≥ 80 | 47 274 (2.4) | 521 848 (5.6) | 16 |
| Female sex | 933 639 (47.9) | 4 841 077 (52.4) | 9 |
| Rural residence‡ | 24 848 (1.3) | 1 243 904 (13.4) | 48 |
| Neighbourhood income quintile | |||
| First (lowest) | 493 294 (25.3) | 1 618 342 (17.5) | 19 |
| Second | 428 901 (22.0) | 1 760 076 (19.0) | 7 |
| Third | 409 244 (21.0) | 1 864 728 (20.2) | 2 |
| Fourth | 368 900 (18.9) | 1 984 856 (21.5) | 6 |
| Fifth (highest) | 247 307 (12.7) | 2 016 568 (21.8) | 24 |
| Residential instability quintile | |||
| First (lowest) | 604 813 (31.0) | 2 350 648 (25.4) | 13 |
| Second | 350 284 (18.0) | 1 969 402 (21.3) | 8 |
| Third | 207 937 (10.7) | 1 542 066 (16.7) | 18 |
| Fourth | 335 781 (17.2) | 1 636 146 (17.7) | 1 |
| Fifth (highest) | 433 725 (22.3) | 1 615 948 (17.5) | 12 |
| Missing | 15 106 (0.8) | 130 360 (1.4) | 6 |
| Ethnic concentration quintile | |||
| First (lowest) | 40 269 (2.1) | 1 280 350 (13.8) | 45 |
| Second | 73 994 (3.8) | 1 620 959 (17.5) | 46 |
| Third | 125 735 (6.4) | 1 749 603 (18.9) | 38 |
| Fourth | 294 318 (15.1) | 1 963 863 (21.2) | 16 |
| Fifth (highest) | 1 398 224 (71.8) | 2 499 435 (27.0) | 100 |
| Missing | 15 106 (0.8) | 130 360 (1.4) | 6 |
| Dependency quintile | |||
| First (lowest) | 663 665 (34.1) | 1 977 392 (21.4) | 29 |
| Second | 529 973 (27.2) | 2 034 206 (22.0) | 12 |
| Third | 335 353 (17.2) | 1 815 183 (19.6) | 6 |
| Fourth | 214 055 (11.0) | 1 609 352 (17.4) | 18 |
| Fifth (highest) | 189 494 (9.7) | 1 678 077 (18.2) | 24 |
| Missing | 15 106 (0.8) | 130 360 (1.4) | 6 |
| Material deprivation quintile | |||
| First (lowest) | 502 397 (25.8) | 2 461 225 (26.6) | 2 |
| Second | 402 011 (20.6) | 2 135 074 (23.1) | 6 |
| Third | 377 933 (19.4) | 1 825 100 (19.7) | 1 |
| Fourth | 331 916 (17.0) | 1 488 359 (16.1) | 2 |
| Fifth (highest) | 318 283 (16.3) | 1 204 452 (13.0) | 9 |
| Missing | 15 106 (0.8) | 130 360 (1.4) | 6 |
| Characteristic | No. (%) of people* | Standardized difference, %† | |
| Immigrants (n = 1 947 646) | Long-term residents (n = 9 244 570) | ||
| World region of birth | |||
| East Asia and Pacific | 499 533 (25.6) | - | - |
| South Asia | 474 101 (24.3) | - | - |
| Latin America and Caribbean | 269 170 (13.8) | - | - |
| Eastern Europe and Central Asia | 215 856 (11.1) | - | - |
| Middle East and North Africa | 181 565 (9.3) | - | - |
| Western Europe | 153 259 (7.9) | - | - |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 115 371 (5.9) | - | - |
| United States, Australia and New Zealand | 38 014 (2.0) | - | - |
| Other | 777 (< 0.1) | - | - |
| Education | |||
| University degree or higher | 502 234 (25.8) | - | - |
| Some university | 80 655 (4.1) | - | - |
| Nonuniversity qualifications (e.g., college diploma) | 277 160 (14.2) | - | - |
| Secondary or less | 923 002 (47.4) | - | - |
| None | 164 521 (8.4) | - | - |
| Missing | 74 (< 0.01) | - | - |
| Time since arrival in Canada, yr | |||
| ≥ 20 | 512 570 (26.3) | - | - |
| 15-19 | 379 567 (19.5) | - | - |
| 10-14 | 453 966 (23.3) | - | - |
| 4-9 | 518 677 (26.6) | - | - |
| < 4 | 82 866 (4.2) | - | - |
| Language ability | |||
| English | 1 149 609 (59.0) | - | - |
| French | 16 612 (0.8) | - | - |
| Both | 49 192 (2.5) | - | - |
| Neither | 732 166 (37.6) | - | - |
| Missing | 67 (< 0.01) | - | - |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 1 035 265 (53.2) | - | - |
| Separated, divorced, widowed | 74 680 (3.8) | - | - |
| Single | 837 396 (43.0) | - | - |
| Missing | 305 (< 0.1) | - | - |
| Immigrant class | |||
| Economic | 899 634 (46.2) | - | - |
| Family | 685 080 (35.2) | - | - |
| Refugee | 312 174 (16.0) | - | - |
| Other | 50 750 (2.6) | - | - |
| Missing | 8 (< 0.01) | - | - |
*Except for age (mean ± standard deviation).
†Compared to long-term residents. Standardized differences greater than 10% represent a meaningful difference between the 2 groups.
‡Areas with a population less than 10 000.