Characteristic | No. (%) of participants* | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Physicians PH n = 63 | Registered nurses NH n = 169 | Registered nurses PH n = 747 | Licensed practical nurses NH n = 139 | Care aides NH n = 1506 | Allied health care providers NH n = 145 | Allied health care providers PH n = 155 | Educators PH n = 49 | Managers NH n = 69 | Managers PH n = 22 | |
Age, yr | ||||||||||
< 25 | 0 (0.0) | 6 (3.6) | 61 (8.2) | 3 (2.2) | 83 (5.5) | 11 (7.6) | 3 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
25-34 | 15 (23.8) | 13 (7.7) | 323 (43.2) | 23 (16.5) | 251 (16.7) | 31 (21.4) | 62 (40.0) | 14 (28.6) | 5 (7.2) | 3 (13.6) |
35-44 | 20 (31.7) | 40 (23.7) | 145 (19.4) | 43 (30.9) | 409 (27.2) | 35 (24.1) | 49 (31.6) | 17 (34.7) | 20 (29.0) | 7 (31.8) |
45-54 | 14 (22.2) | 47 (27.8) | 156 (20.9) | 42 (30.2) | 471 (31.3) | 46 (31.7) | 32 (20.6) | 15 (30.6) | 20 (29.0) | 9 (40.9) |
55-65 | 12 (19.0) | 48 (28.4) | 58 (7.8) | 26 (18.7) | 270 (17.9) | 20 (13.8) | 9 (5.8) | 3 (6.1) | 24 (34.8) | 3 (13.6) |
> 65 | 2 (3.2) | 15 (8.9) | 3 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 21 (1.4) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Missing | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
p(NH v. PH)† | - | - | < 0.001 | - | - | - | 0.001 | - | - | 0.2 |
Sex | ||||||||||
Male | 30 (47.6) | 14 (8.3) | 43 (5.8) | 11 (7.9) | 105 (7.0) | 17 (11.7) | 21 (13.5) | 5 (10.2) | 5 (7.2) | 1 (4.5) |
Female | 33 (52.4) | 152 (89.9) | 703 (94.1) | 126 (90.6) | 1399 (92.9) | 118 (81.4) | 134 (86.5) | 43 (87.8) | 62 (89.8) | 21 (95.4) |
Missing | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.8) | 1 (0.1) | 2 (1.4) | 2 (0.1) | 10 (6.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.0) | 2 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) |
p(NH v. PH)† | - | - | 0.2 | - | - | - | 0.8 | - | - | 0.6 |
Highest education | ||||||||||
High school diploma or less | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 244 (16.2) | 7 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Health care assistant certificate | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1259 (83.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Diploma/certificate | 0 (0.0) | 111 (65.7) | 223 (29.8) | 126 (90.6) | 0 (0.0) | 55 (37.9) | 28 (18.1) | 3 (6.1) | 29 (42.0) | 4 (18.2) |
Bachelor's degree or higher | 63 (100.0) | 58 (34.3) | 522 (69.9) | 12 (8.6) | 0 (0.0) | 83 (57.2) | 127 (81.9) | 46 (93.9) | 40 (58.0) | 18 (81.8) |
Missing | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.7) | 3 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
p(NH v. PH)† | - | - | < 0.001 | - | - | - | < 0.001 | - | - | 0.1 |
Job experience, mean ± SD | ||||||||||
Years worked on unit/in facility | 13.7 ± 10.9 | 6.0 ± 6.3 | 13.4 ± 10.1 | 4.6 ± 4.7 | 5.5 ± 6.3 | 6.3 ± 7 | 12.1 ± 8.0 | 15.3 ± 9.9 | 7.8 ± 7.8 | 17.7 ± 10.8 |
p(NH v. PH)‡ | - | - | < 0.001 | - | - | - | < 0.001 | - | - | 0.001 |
Years worked in current role | 19.4 ± 12.1 | 11.7 ± 10.8 | 14.1 ± 10.9 | 11.7 ± 11.1 | 10.9 ± 8.9 | 8.0 ± 7.6 | 16.9 ± 9.8 | 20.0 ± 12.4 | 7.1 ± 7.6 | 8.7 ± 6.1 |
p(NH v. PH) ‡ | - | - | 0.01 | - | - | - | < 0.001 | - | - | 0.4 |
Clinical specialty | ||||||||||
Critical care | 22 (34.9) | 0 (0.0) | 319 (42.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 80 (51.6) | 21 (42.8) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (54.5) |
Medical | 17 (27.0) | 0 (0.0) | 283 (37.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 40 (25.8) | 16 (32.6) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (27.3) |
Surgical | 24 (38.1) | 0 (0.0) | 145 (19.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 35 (22.6) | 12 (24.5) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (18.2) |
Province | ||||||||||
British Columbia | 10 (15.9) | 0 (0.0) | 129 (17.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 46 (29.7) | 8 (16.3) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (18.2) |
Alberta | 8 (12.7) | 72 (42.6) | 69 (9.2) | 71 (51.1) | 837 (55.6) | 93 (64.1) | 9 (5.8) | 0 (0.0) | 26 (37.7) | 5 (22.7) |
Saskatchewan | 0 (0.0) | 53 (31.4) | 0 (0.0) | 18 (12.9) | 333 (22.1) | 14 (9.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (17.4) | 0 (0.0) |
Manitoba | 16 (25.4) | 44 (26.0) | 80 (10.7) | 50 (36.0) | 336 (22.3) | 38 (26.2) | 20 (12.9) | 5 (10.2) | 31 (44.9) | 2 (9.1) |
Ontario | 3 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 217 (29.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 24 (15.5) | 13 (26.5) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (9.1) |
Quebec | 9 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | 145 (19.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 18 (11.6) | 11 (22.4) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (18.2) |
Nova Scotia | 17 (27.0) | 0 (0.0) | 107 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 38 (24.5) | 12 (24.5) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (22.7) |
Note: NH = nursing home, PH = pediatric hospital, SD = standard deviation.
*Except where noted otherwise.
†Based on a 2-tailed Fisher exact test.
‡Based on a 2-tailed t test for independent samples.