Correlates of self-reported time since their most recent Pap smear among HIV-positive women who had received HIV care in the last year, in the Canadian HIV Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study, 2013–2015 (multivariable model, n = 1129)
| Characteristic | n | Time since last Pap smear | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–1 yr (reference) n = 791 | 1–3 yr n = 190 | At least 3 yr or never n = 148 | ||||
| Row % | Row % | OR (95% CI) | Row % | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Total | 1129 | 70.1 | 16.8 | NA | 13.1 | NA |
| Province of residence | 1129 | |||||
| British Columbia | 288 | 81.6 | 11.1 | Reference | 7.3 | Reference |
| Ontario | 556 | 64.9 | 21.6 | 2.28 (1.35–3.87) | 13.5 | 2.51 (1.29–4.88) |
| Quebec | 285 | 68.4 | 13.3 | 1.81 (0.99–3.33) | 18.3 | 3.70 (1.79–7.67) |
| Age, yr | 1129 | |||||
| 21–49 | 829 | 71.9 | 16.4 | Reference | 11.8 | Reference |
| 50–70 | 300 | 65.3 | 18.0 | 1.35 (0.88–2.06) | 16.7 | 1.54 (0.96–2.48) |
| Ethnicity | 1129 | |||||
| White | 464 | 67.7 | 19.6 | Reference | 12.7 | Reference |
| Indigenous | 226 | 67.7 | 18.6 | 1.34 (0.82–2.21) | 13.7 | 1.43 (0.80–2.57) |
| African, Caribbean or black | 357 | 76.2 | 10.6 | 0.47 (0.29–0.77) | 13.2 | 0.66 (0.37–1.15) |
| Other | 82 | 63.4 | 23.2 | 1.23 (0.65–2.31) | 13.4 | 1.27 (0.57–2.82) |
| Education level* | 1129 | |||||
| High school or higher | 954 | 70.0 | 18.0 | Reference | 12.0 | Reference |
| Less than high school | 175 | 70.3 | 10.3 | 0.56 (0.30–1.05) | 19.4 | 1.56 (0.90–2.71) |
| Injection drug use* | 1111 | |||||
| Never | 769 | 69.3 | 17.7 | Reference | 13.0 | Reference |
| Former | 253 | 74.3 | 15.4 | 0.73 (0.45–1.19) | 10.3 | 0.71 (0.39–1.31) |
| Currently | 89 | 67.4 | 13.5 | 0.87 (0.39–1.93) | 19.1 | 1.73 (0.80–3.75) |
| Relationship status* | 1121 | |||||
| Single, separated, divorced or widowed | 753 | 70.0 | 16.1 | Reference | 13.9 | Reference |
| Legally married, common-law or in a relationship | 368 | 70.1 | 18.5 | 0.62 (0.42–0.93) | 11.4 | 0.70 (0.43–1.12) |
| Had consensual sex in last 6 mo* | 1023 | |||||
| Yes | 517 | 75.6 | 15.7 | Reference | 8.7 | Reference |
| No | 506 | 64.4 | 18.8 | 1.26 (0.84–1.87) | 16.8 | 2.02 (1.25–3.25) |
| Has children | 1129 | |||||
| Yes | 764 | 73.7 | 14.1 | Reference | 12.2 | Reference |
| No | 365 | 62.5 | 22.5 | 1.34 (0.92–1.97) | 15.1 | 1.18 (0.74–1.86) |
| Most recent CD4 count (self-report), cells/mm3 | 1127 | |||||
| > 200 | 893 | 71.4 | 17.7 | Reference | 10.9 | Reference |
| < 200 or don’t know/prefer not to answer | 234 | 65.4 | 13.3 | 0.79 (0.49–1.29) | 21.4 | 1.78 (1.11–2.85) |
| Current ART and HIV viral load* | 1128 | |||||
| Undetectable HIV viral load (< 50 copies/mL) | 906 | 71.9 | 16.1 | Reference | 12.0 | Reference |
| Taking ART but detectable HIV viral load (> 50 copies/mL) | 119 | 61.3 | 19.3 | 1.53 (0.84–2.76) | 19.3 | 1.55 (0.82–2.91) |
| Not currently on ART and detectable or unknown HIV viral load | 103 | 65.1 | 19.4 | 0.73 (0.45–1.19) | 15.5 | 1.51 (0.77–2.97) |
| Had used a type of hormonal birth control method in past 6 mo* | 1127 | |||||
| No | 1001 | 68.4 | 17.5 | Reference | 14.1 | Reference |
| Yes | 126 | 83.3 | 11.1 | 0.53 (0.27–1.03) | 5.6 | 0.55 (0.24–1.27) |
| Gender of primary HIV doctor in past yr* | 1119 | |||||
| Woman | 472 | 80.5 | 12.1 | Reference | 7.4 | Reference |
| Man | 647 | 62.6 | 20.6 | 1.69 (1.15–2.49) | 16.9 | 2.15 (1.36–3.42) |
Note: ART = antiretroviral therapy, CI = confidence interval, NA = not applicable, OR = odds ratio.
↵* Participants who answered “Don’t know” or “Prefer not to answer” were excluded from the analyses.