Multivariable regression models of in-hospital mortality, 1-year mortality and 1-year readmission to acute care
| Variable | In-hospital mortality n = 12 033 OR (95% CI) | Mortality 1 year after discharge* n = 11 287 HR (95% CI) | Readmission 1 year after discharge† n = 11 287 SHR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Without v. with family physician (ref) | 1.56 (1.33–1.83) | 1.14 (1.04–1.26) | 1.17 (1.10–1.24) |
| Age (yr) | 1.04 (1.03–1.05) | 1.04 (1.04–1.05) | 1.02 (1.01–1.02) |
| Sex: male v. female (ref) | 1.31 (1.11–1.54) | 1.14 (1.03–1.26) | 1.07 (1.01–1.14) |
| Income quintile: 2 v. 1 (ref: lowest) | 1.05 (0.82–1.34) | 1.02 (0.89–1.18) | 0.94 (0.87–1.03) |
| Income quintile: 3 v. 1 | 1.14 (0.90–1.44) | 1.02 (0.88–1.17) | 0.95 (0.87–1.03) |
| Income quintile: 4 v. 1 | 1.11 (0.87–1.43) | 0.97 (0.83–1.1) | 0.95 (0.87–1.03) |
| Income quintile: 5 (highest) v. 1 | 1.09 (0.84–1.42) | 0.89 (0.75–1.05) | 0.88 (0.80–0.97) |
| Income quintile: missing v. 1 | 0.75 (0.32–1.77) | 1.05 (0.60–1.85) | 0.86 (0.61–1.21) |
| Charlson score: 1 v. 0 (ref) | 2.50 (1.89–3.32) | 1.59 (1.35–1.87) | 1.19 (1.10–1.28) |
| Charlson score: 2 v. 0 | 3.06 (2.27–4.14) | 2.83 (2.40–3.34) | 1.55 (1.43–1.69) |
| Charlson score: ≥ 3 v. 0 | 7.06 (5.41–9.22) | 5.46 (4.72–6.31) | 1.94 (1.79–2.10) |
| No. of physician visits in the year before the index admission | 0.998 (0.994–1.002) | 1.003 (1.001–1.005) | 1.008 (1.007–1.009) |
| No. of ED visits in the year before the index admission | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 1.010 (1.002–1.018) |
| Length of stay of index admission | 1.002 (1.000–1.005) | 1.004 (1.002–1.005) | 0.998 (0.997–1.000) |
| Admission category of index admission: elective v. urgent (ref) | 0.28 (0.09–0.92) | 0.90 (0.59–1.39) | 3.29 (2.69–4.02) |
| Admission category of index admission: transfer v. urgent | 1.14 (0.94–1.39) | 1.34 (1.19–1.51) | 1.12 (1.04–1.21) |
| ICU: yes v. no (ref) | 5.62 (4.73–6.68) | 0.80 (0.67–0.95) | 0.83 (0.75–0.92) |
| Rural: yes v. no (ref) | 1.41 (1.14–1.76) | 0.91 (0.78–1.05) | 1.17 (1.08–1.28) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, ED = emergency department, HR = hazard ratio, ICU = intensive care unit, OR = odds ratio, ref = reference category, SHR = subdistribution hazard ratio.
↵* Cox proportional hazards regression model is conditional on having survived the index hospital admission.
↵† Subdistribution hazard ratios are from a competing risk proportional hazards regression model.