Physical and mental comorbidity levels stratified by cohort characteristics
| Characteristic | Total, no. (%) n = 12 781 | Physical comorbidity level, no. (%) | p value | Mental health history, no. (%) | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–5 ADGs (low) n = 7287 | 6–9 ADGs (medium) n = 4425 | ≥ 10 ADGs (high) n = 1069 | Yes n = 4127 | No n = 8654 | ||||
| Age at diagnosis, yr | ||||||||
| < 40 | 1102 (8.6) | 639 (8.8) | 374 (8.5) | 89 (8.3) | < 0.001 | 349 (8.5) | 753 (8.7) | 0.008 |
| 40–49 | 3481 (27.2) | 2177 (29.9) | 1092 (24.7) | 212 (19.8) | 1134 (27.5) | 2347 (27.1) | ||
| 50–59 | 4225 (33.1) | 2500 (34.3) | 1417 (32.0) | 308 (28.8) | 1404 (34.0) | 2821 (32.6) | ||
| 60–69 | 3045 (23.8) | 1581 (21.7) | 1155 (26.1) | 309 (28.9) | 985 (23.9) | 2060 (23.8) | ||
| 70–74 | 607 (4.7) | 262 (3.6) | 239 (5.4) | 106 (9.9) | 180 (4.4) | 427 (4.9) | ||
| > 74 | 321 (2.5) | 128 (1.8) | 148 (3.3) | 45 (4.2) | 75 (1.8) | 246 (2.8) | ||
| Urban or rural residence | ||||||||
| Urban | 11 189 (87.5) | 6254 (85.8) | 3957 (89.4) | 978 (91.5) | < 0.001 | 3677 (89.1) | 7512 (86.8) | 0.06 |
| Rural | 699 (5.5) | 450 (6.2) | 213 (4.8) | 36 (3.4) | 199 (4.8) | 500 (5.8) | ||
| Remote | 596 (4.7) | 392 (5.4) | 168 (3.8) | 36 (3.4) | 170 (4.1) | 426 (4.9) | ||
| Very remote | 292–297 (2.3) | 187–192 (2.6) | 85–90 (1.9–2.0) | 15–20 (1.4–1.9) | 80–85 (1.9–2.1) | 210–215 (2.4–2.5) | ||
| Unknown | † | † | † | † | † | † | ||
| Immigration status* | ||||||||
| Nonimmigrants | 11 075 (86.7) | 6384 (87.6) | 3775 (85.3) | 916 (85.7) | 0.001 | 3636 (88.1) | 7439 (86.0) | < 0.001 |
| Immigrants | 1706 (13.3) | 903 (12.4) | 650 (14.7) | 153 (14.3) | 491 (11.9) | 1215 (14.0) | ||
| Neighbourhood income quintile | 0.073 | 0.09 | ||||||
| 1 (lowest) | 2020 (15.8) | 1121 (15.4) | 705 (15.9) | 194 (18.1) | 685 (16.6) | 1335 (15.4) | ||
| 2 | 2384 (18.7) | 1376 (18.9) | 792 (17.9) | 216 (20.2) | 786 (19.0) | 1598 (18.5) | ||
| 3 | 2523 (19.7) | 1433 (19.7) | 879–883 (19.8–19.9) | 207–211 (19.4–19.7) | 839 (20.3) | 1684 (19.5) | ||
| 4 | 2819 (22.1) | 1598 (21.9) | 980 (22.1) | 241 (22.5) | 867 (21.0) | 1952 (22.6) | ||
| 5 (highest) | 2994 (23.4) | 1733 (23.8) | 1051 (23.8) | 210 (19.6) | 934 (22.6) | 2060 (23.8) | ||
| Unknown | 41 (0.3) | 26 (0.4) | 10–15 (0.2–0.3) | † | 16 (0.4) | 25 (0.3) | ||
| Baseline continuity of care | ||||||||
| 0 visit | 800 (6.3) | 788 (10.8) | 7–12 (0.2–0.3) | † | < 0.001 | 18 (0.4) | 782 (9.0) | < 0.001 |
| 1–2 visits | 1536 (12.0) | 1472 (20.2) | 59–64 (1.3–1.4) | † | 149 (3.6) | 1387 (16.0) | ||
| UPC ≤ 0.75 (low) | 3914 (30.6) | 1773 (24.3) | 1661 (37.5) | 480 (44.9) | 1486 (36.0) | 2428 (28.1) | ||
| UPC > 0.75 (high) | 6531 (51.1) | 3254 (44.7) | 2695 (60.9) | 582 (54.4) | 2474 (59.9) | 4057 (46.9) | ||
| Primary care practice model | ||||||||
| Straight FFS | 1887 (14.8) | 1193 (16.4) | 568 (12.8) | 126 (11.8) | < 0.001 | 562 (13.6) | 1325 (15.3) | < 0.001 |
| Enhanced FFS | 6281 (49.1) | 3212 (44.1) | 2394 (54.1) | 675 (63.1) | 2213 (53.6) | 4068 (47.0) | ||
| Capitation | 2235 (17.5) | 1326 (18.2) | 763 (17.2) | 146 (13.7) | 714 (17.3) | 1521 (17.6) | ||
| Team-based capitation | 2206 (17.3) | 1434 (19.7) | 658 (14.9) | 114 (10.7) | 608 (14.7) | 1598 (18.5) | ||
| Other | 172 (1.3) | 122 (1.7) | 42 (0.9) | 8 (0.7) | 30 (0.7) | 142 (1.6) | ||
| Regional health district (LHIN) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Erie St. Clair | 713 (5.6) | 396 (5.4) | 256 (5.8) | 61 (5.7) | 259 (6.3) | 454 (5.2) | ||
| South West | 992 (7.8) | 623 (8.5) | 302 (6.8) | 67 (6.3) | 312 (7.6) | 680 (7.9) | ||
| Waterloo Wellington | 654 (5.1) | 436 (6.0) | 188 (4.2) | 30 (2.8) | 180 (4.4) | 474 (5.5) | ||
| Hamilton Niagara Haldimand Brant | 1468 (11.5) | 906 (12.4) | 471 (10.6) | 91 (8.5) | 454 (11.0) | 1014 (11.7) | ||
| Central West | 543 (4.2) | 248 (3.4) | 226 (5.1) | 69 (6.5) | 180 (4.4) | 363 (4.2) | ||
| Mississauga Halton | 750 (5.9) | 393 (5.4) | 273 (6.2) | 84 (7.9) | 226 (5.5) | 524 (6.1) | ||
| Toronto Central | 1061 (8.3) | 554 (7.6) | 405 (9.2) | 102 (9.5) | 398 (9.6) | 663 (7.7) | ||
| Central | 1784 (14.0) | 886 (12.2) | 712 (16.1) | 186 (17.4) | 550 (13.3) | 1234 (14.3) | ||
| Central East | 1710 (13.4) | 923 (12.7) | 615 (13.9) | 172 (16.1) | 570 (13.8) | 1140 (13.2) | ||
| South East | 520 (4.1) | 349 (4.8) | 137 (3.1) | 34 (3.2) | 139 (3.4) | 381 (4.4) | ||
| Champlain | 1335 (10.4) | 784 (10.8) | 453 (10.2) | 98 (9.2) | 460 (11.1) | 875 (10.1) | ||
| North Simcoe Muskoka | 518–522 (4.1) | 325–329 (4.5) | 170–174 (3.8–3.9) | 14–18 (1.3–1.7) | 177–181 (4.3–4.4) | 338–342 (3.9–4.0) | ||
| North East | 478 (3.7) | 301 (4.1) | 146 (3.3) | 31 (2.9) | 157 (3.8) | 321 (3.7) | ||
| North West | 252 (2.0) | 157 (2.2) | 69 (1.6) | 26 (2.4) | 62 (1.5) | 190 (2.2) | ||
| Unknown | † | † | † | † | † | † | ||
| Mental health history | 4127 (32.3) | 1,730 (23.7) | 1810 (40.9) | 587 (54.9) | < 0.001 | |||
| Physical ADGs | ||||||||
| 0–5 | 7287 (57.01) | 1730 (41.9) | 5557 (64.2) | < 0.001 | ||||
| 6–9 | 4425 (34.6) | 1810 (43.9) | 2615 (30.2) | |||||
| ≥ 10 | 1069 (8.4) | 587 (14.2) | 482 (5.6) | |||||
Note: ADGs = Aggregated Diagnosis Groups, FFS = fee for service, LHIN = local health integration network, UPC = usual provider of care index.
↵* Nonimmigrants includes Canadian-born citizens or immigrants arriving to Canada before 1985.
↵† Denotes too few cases to report. Ranges provided in associated rows or columns to prevent reidentification of small cells as per ICES policy.