Objectives: To introduce guidelines for the conduct, reporting, and critical appraisal of meta-analyses
evaluating diagnostic tests and to apply these guidelines to recently published meta…

Breast cancer screening holds a prominent place in public health, health care delivery, policy,
and women's health care decisions. Several factors are driving shifts in how population‐…

Background Surgery for spinal stenosis is widely performed, but its effectiveness as compared
with nonsurgical treatment has not been shown in controlled trials. Methods Surgical …

ContextLumbar diskectomy is the most common surgical procedure performed for back and
leg symptoms in US patients, but the efficacy of the procedure relative to nonoperative care …

Background Management of degenerative spondylolisthesis with spinal stenosis is
controversial. Surgery is widely used, but its effectiveness in comparison with that of nonsurgical …

ContextFor patients with lumbar disk herniation, the Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial
(SPORT) randomized trial intent-to-treat analysis showed small but not statistically …

Objective. —To examine whether secular trends in risk factor levels and improvements in
treatment can account for the observed decline in coronary heart disease mortality in the …

OBJECTIVES: To compare persons with and without hip fracture for subsequent mortality
and change in disability and nursing home (NH) use. DESIGN: Population‐based historical …

Background: The management of degenerative spondylolisthesis associated with spinal
stenosis remains controversial. Surgery is widely used and has recently been shown to be more …

Study Design. Concurrent, prospective, randomized, and observational cohort study.
Objective. To assess the 4-year outcomes of surgery versus nonoperative care. Summary of …