Background The effect of screening with prostate-specific–antigen (PSA) testing and digital
rectal examination on the rate of death from prostate cancer is unknown. This is the first …

Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is a major global health concern.
Quantitative estimates of attributable mortality are based on disease-specific hazard ratio models …

Context Screening for ovarian cancer with cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) and transvaginal
ultrasound has an unknown effect on mortality. Objective To evaluate the effect of screening for …

Background The prostate component of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO)
Cancer Screening Trial was undertaken to determine whether there is a reduction in …

Objective.—To assess the risk of invasive breast cancer associated with total and beverage-specific
alcohol consumption and to evaluate whether dietary and nondietary factors modify …

The association between anthropometric indices and the risk of breast cancer was analyzed
using pooled data from seven prospective cohort studies. Together, these cohorts comprise …

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of the combination of annual screening with
mammography, physical examination of the breasts and the teaching of breast self-examination in …

Background The benefits of endoscopic testing for colorectal-cancer screening are uncertain.
We evaluated the effect of screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy on colorectal-cancer …

Objective To compare breast cancer incidence and mortality up to 25 years in women aged
40-59 who did or did not undergo mammography screening. Design Follow-up of …

Purpose Endometrial cancers have long been divided into estrogen-dependent type I and
the less common clinically aggressive estrogen-independent type II. Little is known about risk …