Background. Existing fetal growth references all suffer from 1 or more major methodologic
problems, including errors in reported gestational age, biologically implausible birth weight for …

Background Although the health benefits of breastfeeding are widely acknowledged,
opinions and recommendations are strongly divided on the optimal duration of exclusive …

In this paper, we review the evidence bearing on socio‐economic disparities in pregnancy
outcome, focusing on aetiological factors mediating the disparities in intrauterine growth …

Background Some breastfed infants with atopic eczema benefit from elimination of cow milk,
egg, or other antigens from their mother's diet. Maternal dietary antigens are also known to …

What is low birth weight? In both developed and developing countries, birth weight is
probably the single most important factor that affects neonatal mortality, in addition to being a …

ContextCurrent evidence that breastfeeding is beneficial for infant and child health is based
exclusively on observational studies. Potential sources of bias in such studies have led to …

Context The evidence that breastfeeding improves cognitive development is based almost
entirely on observational studies and is thus prone to confounding by subtle behavioral …

Background Obesity before pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of several
adverse outcomes of pregnancy. The risk profiles among lean, normal, or mildly overweight …

… Reg Sauve and Michael S. Kramer oversaw the study and contributed to the study design,
data interpretation and manuscript revision. All authors read, revised and approved the final …

ContextThe World Health Organization defines preterm birth as birth at less than 37 completed
gestational weeks, but most studies have focused on very preterm infants (birth at <32 …