Small newborns are vulnerable to mortality and lifelong loss of human capital. Measures of
vulnerability previously focused on liveborn low-birthweight (LBW) babies, yet LBW reduction …

Background One of the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals of 2000 was to
reduce maternal mortality by 75% in 15 y; however, this challenge was not met by many …

Background Gestational age is the major determinant of neonatal death (death within the first
28 days of life) in preterm infants. The joint effect of gestational age and Apgar score on the …

Rigorous studies carried out by the National Center for Health Statistics show that previously
reported increases in maternal mortality rates in the United States were an artifact of …

Objective To investigate associations between Apgar score at five and 10 minutes across the
entire range of score values (from 0 to 10) and risks of childhood cerebral palsy or epilepsy…

Importance To date, few attempts have been made to examine associations between exposure
to maternal epilepsy with or without antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy and pregnancy and …

Background : Congenital heart defects are more frequent in offspring of mothers with overweight
or obesity. However, associations between maternal overweight and obesity, and risks …

Objective To investigate associations between Apgar scores of 7, 8, and 9 (versus 10) at 1, 5,
and 10 minutes, and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Design Population based cohort …

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a population-based study to assess rates of optimal, suboptimal,
and questionably appropriate administration of antenatal corticosteroid (betamethasone or …

Objective To assess the relationship between the 5 min Apgar score and developmental
vulnerability at 5 years of age. Design Population-based retrospective cohort study. Setting …