Background. In 2012/2013, a single dose of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13)
was recommended for immunocompromised adults in the United States and Canada. …

In patients with invasive pneumococcal disease who have been previously exposed to
antibiotics, the time elapsed from the end of the most recent treatment course appears to be …

Background In 1995, a publicly funded pneumococcal vaccination program for 23-valent
polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) was introduced in Ontario. Conjugate vaccines were …

BACKGROUND: Health care–associated infections are a common cause of patient morbidity
and mortality. We sought to describe the trends in these infections in acute care hospitals, …

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are differentially expressed depending on the cell
type and physiological circumstances. HERV-K has been implicated in the pathogenesis of …

Importance Trends in COVID-19 severe outcomes have significant implications for the health
care system and are key to informing public health measures. However, data summarizing …

Salmonella is one of the leading causes of gastro-enteric disease in Canada, second only to
Campylobacter. The mean exposure of Salmonella measured in cells ingested per person …

To identify the prevalence of C. auris in Canadian patients who are potentially at risk for
colonization, we screened 488 patients who were either hospitalized abroad, had a …

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed significant burden on
healthcare systems. We compared Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) epidemiology before …

Background Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat to the world’s ability to prevent and
treat infections. Links between quantitative antibiotic use and the emergence of bacterial …