ERK signaling requires RAS-induced RAF dimerization and is limited by feedback. Activated
BRAF mutants evade feedback inhibition of RAS by either of two mechanisms. BRAF V600 …

Approximately 200 BRAF mutant alleles have been identified in human tumours. Activating
BRAF mutants cause feedback inhibition of GTP-bound RAS, are RAS-independent and …

Precision medicines exert selective pressure on tumour cells that leads to the preferential
growth of resistant subpopulations, necessitating the development of next-generation …

The epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib has been
proven to be highly effective in the treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring …

Histiocytic neoplasms are clonal, hematopoietic disorders characterized by an accumulation
of abnormal, monocyte-derived dendritic cells or macrophages in Langerhans cell …

Melanoma is a disease characterized by lesions that activate ERK. Although 70% of cutaneous
melanomas harbor activating mutations in the BRAF and NRAS genes, the alterations …

Background This study examined the incidence of a person’s first diagnosis of a selected
chronic disease, and the relationships between modifiable lifestyle risk factors and age to first …

Recently, expression signatures of exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been
proposed as potential non-invasive biomarkers for cancer detection. In this study, we aimed …

The Zhaoshan long-baseline Atom Interferometer Gravitation Antenna (ZAIGA) is a new type
of underground laser-linked interferometer facility, and is currently under construction. It is …

The effects of selective phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and AKT inhibitors were compared
in human tumor cell lines in which the pathway is dysregulated. Both caused inhibition of …