Research
Open Access
Development of a national out-of-hospital transfusion protocol: a modified RAND Delphi study
Johannes von Vopelius-Feldt, Joel Lockwood, Sameer Mal, Andrew Beckett, Jeannie Callum, Adam Greene, Jeremy Grushka, Aditi Khandelwal, Yulia Lin, Susan Nahirniak, Katerina Pavenski, Michael Peddle, Oksana Prokopchuk-Gauk, Julian Regehr, Jo Schmid, Andrew W. Shih, Justin A. Smith, Jan Trojanowski, Erik Vu, Markus Ziesmann and Brodie Nolan
June 27, 2023 11 (3) E546-E559; DOI: https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20220151
Johannes von Vopelius-Feldt
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD PhDJoel Lockwood
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDSameer Mal
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDAndrew Beckett
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD MScJeannie Callum
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDAdam Greene
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MScJeremy Grushka
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD MPHAditi Khandelwal
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDYulia Lin
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDSusan Nahirniak
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDKaterina Pavenski
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDMichael Peddle
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDOksana Prokopchuk-Gauk
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDJulian Regehr
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDJo Schmid
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
BScN RNAndrew W. Shih
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD MScJustin A. Smith
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
Jan Trojanowski
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDErik Vu
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDMarkus Ziesmann
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDBrodie Nolan
Ornge (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Mal, Peddle, Smith, Nolan), Mississauga, Ont.; Department of Emergency Medicine (von Vopelius-Feldt, Lockwood, Nolan), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Emergency Medicine (Mal, Peddle), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Surgery, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (Beckett), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Canadian Forces Health Services Headquarters (Beckett, Schmid), Canadian Armed Forces, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine (Callum), Kingston Health Sciences Centre and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.; University of Toronto Quality in Utilization, Education and Safety in Transfusion (QUEST) research program (Callum, Khandelwal, Pavenski), Toronto, Ont.; AirEvac and Critical Care Operations (Greene, Vu), British Columbia Emergency Health Services, Vancouver, BC; School of Medicine (Greene), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Trauma and General Surgery (Grushka), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital Site, Montréal, Que.; Canadian Blood Services (Khandelwal); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (Lin), University of Toronto; Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Program (Lin), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.; Faculty of Medicine (Nahirniak), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Transfusion and Transplantation Medicine (Nahirniak), Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alta.; Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine (Pavenski), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Transfusion Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saskatchewan Health Authority; College of Medicine (Prokopchuk-Gauk), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.; Emergency Department (Regehr), Health Sciences Centre; Shock Trauma Air Rescue Service (STARS) (Regehr), Manitoba Base, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Shih), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority; Centre for Blood Research (Shih), University of British Columbia; Department of Emergency Medicine (Trojanowski), Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia; Clinical Operations (Trojanowski), British Columbia Emergency Health Services; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine (Vu), Vancouver Coastal Health Authority and Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery and Section of Critical Care (Ziesmann), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD MSc