Characteristic | No. (%) of participants | Range | Median | Mean |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex, n = 62 | ||||
Female | 36 (58) | |||
Male | 26 (42) | |||
Age, yr, n = 58 | 40-87 | 68 | 66 | |
Language(s) spoken,* n = 58 | ||||
Punjabi | 52 (90) | |||
English | 32 (55) | |||
Hindi | 24 (41) | |||
Urdu | 9 (16) | |||
Other | 3 (5) | |||
Country of birth, n = 58 | ||||
India | 49 (84) | |||
Pakistan | 6 (10) | |||
Other | 3 (5) | |||
Years in Canada, n = 58 | 1-6 | 18† | 19 | |
Religious affiliation, n = 57 | ||||
Sikhism | 43 (75) | |||
Other | 8 (14) | |||
None | 6 (10) | |||
Highest level of education, n = 57 | ||||
No formal education | 8 (14) | |||
Elementary school | 22 (39) | |||
High school/other diploma | 9 (16) | |||
University degree or higher | 18 (32) | |||
Annual household income, $, n = 26 | ||||
< 40 000 | 21 (81) | |||
≥ 40 000 | 5 (19) | |||
No. of items endorsed on South Asian Identity Scale,‡ n = 58 | 7-10 | 9 | 9 |
*Some participants spoke more than 1 language; all spoke either English or Punjabi.
†The median varied substantially from focus group to focus group (from 5 years in groups 1 and 9 [female] to 21 years in group 4 [male]).
‡Out of 10.