| First author, year of publication | Total no. of patients randomized | No. of centres | Trial duration, wk | Blinded* | AC | ITT | No early stopping for benefit | < 5% loss to follow up (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary cardiovascular outcomes | ||||||||
| Scirica, 2013 (SAVOR-TIMI 53)4,5 (saxagliptin) | 16 492 | 788 | 110* | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.9) |
| White, 2013 (EXAMINE)6,7 (alogliptin) | 5380 | 898 | 76* | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.9) |
| Green, 2015 (TECOS)8,25 (sitagliptin) | 14 724 | 673 | 156* | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.4) |
| median* | ||||||||
| Alogliptin | ||||||||
| DeFronzo, 200827 | 329 | 67 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.3) |
| Nauck, 200926 | 527 | 115 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Pratley, 200928 | 500 | 124 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Pratley, 200929 | 493 | 125 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Rosenstock, 200930 | 390 | 110 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Rosenstock, 201031 | 490 | 161 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Pratley, 201432 | 784 | 198 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (2.0) |
| DeFronzo, 201233 | 1554 | 327 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.1) |
| Mita, 201634 | 341 | 11 | 104 | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No (5.6) |
| Linagliptin | ||||||||
| Gomis, 201135 | 389 | 43 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Haak, 201236, 201337 | 791/567 | 133/112 | 24/54 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0/0.2) |
| Owens, 201138 | 1058 | 100 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.3) |
| Taskinen, 201139 | 701 | 82 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.1) |
| Thrasher, 201440,41 | 226 | 93 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Barnett, 201342 | 241 | 33 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Bajaj, 201443 | 272 | 52 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Del Prato, 201144 | 503 | 66 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| McGill, 201345 | 133 | 53 | 52 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Yki-Jarvinen, 201346 | 1261 | 167 | 52 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov47 | 936 | 132 | 84 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Chen, 201548 | 300 | 19 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.3) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov49 | 306 | 19 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.3) |
| DeFronzo, 201550/Lewin, 201551 | 1404 | 211 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (3.0) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov52 | 730 | 56 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Wu, 201553 | 57 | 1 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (3.5) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov54 | 708 | 114 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | n/r |
| Saxagliptin | ||||||||
| Pfützner, 201155/Jadzinsky, 200956 | 1306 | 211 | 76 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.2) |
| Barnett, 201357 | 457 | 80 | 52 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.4) |
| Chacra, 201158 | 768 | 115 | 76 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| DeFronzo, 200959/Rosenstock, 201360 | 743 | 154 | 24 (208 for mortality) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Frederich, 201261 | 366 | 72 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.3) |
| Hollander, 201162 | 565 | 133 | 76 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Nowicki, 201163 | 170 | 75 | 52 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Pan, 201264 | 568 | 40 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Rosenstock, 2009,65 201360 | 401 | 135 | 24 (208 for mortality) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Moses, 201466 | 257 | 35 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Rosenstock, 201567 | 534 | 139 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Matthaei, 201568 | 315 | 84 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Sitagliptin | ||||||||
| Charbonnel, 200669 | 701 | 100 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Hermansen, 200770 | 441 | 74 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Henry, 201471 | 1615 | 256 | 54 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Raz, 200872 | 190 | 24 | 30 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Vilsbøll, 201173 | 641 | 100 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Wiiliams-Herman, 201074/ Goldstein, 200775 | 1091 | 140/117 | 104 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Yoon, 2012,76 201177 | 520 | 60/28 | 54 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov78 | 213 | 9 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Yang, 201179 | 570 | 40 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov80 | 68 | 1 | 24 | No | n/r | n/r | n/r | n/r |
| Barzilai, 201181 | 206 | 52 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Yang, 201282 | 395 | 17 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Rosenstock, 200683 | 353 | 71 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Aschner, 200684 | 741 | 111 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Fonseca, 201385 | 313 | 58 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Olansky, 201186 | 1250 | 209 | 44 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.3) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov87 | 21 | 1 | 44 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Dobs, 201388 | 278 | 41 | 54 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No (5.8) |
| Moses, 201689 | 427 | Multi | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (1.2) |
| Lavalle-González, 201390 | 1284 | 169 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Mathieu 201591 | 660 | Multi | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.3) |
| Roden, 201392 | 899 | 124 | 76 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (1.1) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov93 | 381 | Multi | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Skrivanek, 201494 | 1202 | 99 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov95 | 1049 | 386 | 156 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (3.5) |
| Ji, 201696 | 744 | Multi | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.1) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov97 | 582 | 60 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (1.2) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov98 | 498 | Multi | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.2) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov99 | 467 | 28 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov100 | 366 | 60 | 28 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.3) |
| Ishikawa, 2014101 | 80 | 1 | 52 | No | Uncl. | Yes | Yes | Yes (3.8) |
| Derosa, 2012102-104 | 178 | 1 | 52 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | n/r |
| Derosa, 2014105 | 205 | Multi | 104 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | n/r |
| Chien, 2011106 | 97 | 1 | 24 | No | Uncl. | Yes | Uncl. | Yes (0) |
| Weinstock, 2015107 | 1098 | 111 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Mita, 2016108 | 282 | 12 | 104 | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (2.8) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov109 | 414 | Multi | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.5) |
| Vildagliptin | ||||||||
| Bosi, 2007110 | 544 | 106 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.6) |
| Bosi, 2009111 | 1179 | > 250 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.8) |
| Fonseca, 2007112 | 296 | 68 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| VIVIDD, 2014113 | 254 | 94 | 52 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.4) |
| Scherbaum, 2008114,115 | 306 | 69 | 52/104 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes/No (0/57) |
| Strain, 2013116 | 278 | 45 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Vollmer, 2009117 | 405 | 94 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Garber, 2007118 | 463 | 123 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Garber, 2008119 | 515 | 114 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Yang, 2015120 | 279 | 18 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Foley, 2011121/Bunck, 2012122 | 59 | 1 | 52 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Pan, 2012123 | 438 | 17 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Lukashevich, 2014124 | 318 | 55 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.3) |
| Macauley, 2015125 | 44 | 1 | 26 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No (11.4) |
| Ahren, 2004,126 2005127 | 107 | 4 | 52 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Goodman, 2009128 | 370 | 67 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Ito, 2011129 | 60 | 1 | 24 | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No (11.7) |
| Derosa, 2012130-132 | 167 | 4 | 52 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0) |
| Zografou, 2015133 | 64 | 1 | 26 | No | Uncl. | Yes | Uncl. | n/r |
| Gemigliptin | ||||||||
| Yang, 2013134 | 182 | 14 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (4.2) |
| Teneligliptin | ||||||||
| ClinicalTrials.gov135 | 448 | 45 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.2) |
| Anagliptin | ||||||||
| Yang, 2015136 | 109 | 25 | 24 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (0.9) |
Note: AC = allocation concealment, ITT = intention-to-treat analysis, multi = multicentre, n/r = not reported, uncl = unclear.
*Patient, caregiver and outcome assessor blinding for heart failure outcome.