Demographic characteristics of respondents who avoid dietary gluten based on results from the Canadian Community Health Survey — Nutrition, 2015
| Characteristic | Dietary gluten avoidance, % ± SE | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Male, n = 9744 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | Reference |
| Female, n = 10 733 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 2.08 (1.32 to 3.27) |
| Age, yr | ||
| 2–17, n = 5839 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.38 (0.23 to 0.63) |
| 18–49, n = 6543 | 2.3 ± 0.4 | Reference |
| ≥ 50, n = 7724 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.80 (0.54 to 1.17) |
| Province or region | ||
| Atlantic provinces, n = 5308 | 2.9 ± 0.4 | Reference |
| Quebec, n = 3204 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 0.52 (0.31 to 0.87) |
| Ontario, n = 4228 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 0.55 (0.32 to 0.94) |
| Prairies, n = 5146 | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 0.84 (0.54 to 1.29) |
| British Columbia, n = 2591 | 2.7 ± 0.7 | 0.99 (0.51 to 1.95) |
| Household education | ||
| Less than secondary school, n = 1780 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | Reference |
| Postsecondary school, n = 3754 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 0.83 (0.35 to 1.93) |
| Postsecondary degree or diploma, n = 14 903 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 1.14 (0.50 to 2.62) |
| Ethnicity | ||
| White, n = 16 127 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | Reference |
| Racialized or Indigenous, n = 3369 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 0.68 (0.33 to 1.43) |
| Household income adequacy | ||
| Lowest to lower middle, n = 1318 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | Reference |
| Middle to upper middle, n = 8496 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 0.83 (0.35 to 1.96) |
| Highest, n = 10 663 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 1.21 (0.52 to 2.86) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio, SE = standard error.