Participant characteristics (n = 96)
| Characteristic | Value* |
|---|---|
| Age, yr | 31.70 ± 3.92 |
| Gestational age at recruitment, wk | 22.73 ± 8.93 |
| Gender† | |
| Female | 89 (92.7) |
| Male | 0 |
| Nonbinary | 1 (1.0) |
| Racial or ethnic background: white‡ | 70 (72.9) |
| Education | |
| High school diploma, certificate or incomplete university | 34 (35.4) |
| University degree | 62 (64.6) |
| Married, common-law or live-in partner | 94 (97.9) |
| Born in Canada | 74 (77.1) |
| Geographic region§ | |
| Fraser Health | 32 (33.3) |
| Vancouver Coastal Health | 28 (29.2) |
| Interior Health | 21 (21.9) |
| Island Health | 6 (6.3) |
| Northern Health | 1 (1.0) |
| Household income | |
| Under $40 000 | 6 (6.2) |
| $40 000 to $99 999 | 37 (38.6) |
| $100 000 and above | 53 (55.2) |
| Paid work during current pregnancy | 89 (92.7) |
| Primigravida | 33 (34.4) |
| Multigravida | 63 (65.6) |
| Did not receive prenatal care as early as desired | 13 (13.5) |
| Problems or complications during current pregnancy | 28 (29.2) |
| GAD-7 score | 5.76 ± 4.19 |
| Anxiety symptoms | |
| None (GAD-7 score < 5) | 46 (47.9) |
| Mild (GAD-7 score 5–9) | 33 (34.4) |
| Moderate (GAD-7 score 10–14) | 13 (13.5) |
| Severe (GAD-7 score > 14) | 4 (4.2) |
| EPDS score | 7.31 ± 3.97 |
| Depressive symptoms | |
| No (EPDS score < 10) | 62 (64.6) |
| Yes (EPDS score ≥ 10) | 34 (35.4) |
Note: EPDS = Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, GAD-7 = 7-item
Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, SD = standard deviation.
↵* Mean ± SD or no. (%).
↵† Missing data for 6 participants (6.3%).
↵‡ Values for other ethnic groups were very small and are not shown here for privacy reasons.
↵§ Missing data for 8 participants (8.3%).