Age, median (IQR), yr | 39 (33-50) | 36 (30-46) | 43 (37-51) | |
Per 1-yr increase | | | | 0.94 (0.91-0.97) |
Gender |
Female | 75 (38.3) | 29 (31.9) | 46 (43.8) | 0.60 (0.33-1.08) |
Male | 121 (61.7) | 62 (68.1) | 59 (56.2) | |
Ethnicity |
White | 146 (74.5) | 68 (74.7) | 78 (74.3) | 1.12 (0.58-2.16) |
Indigenous/person of colour | 48 (24.5) | 21 (23.1) | 27 (25.7) | |
Homeless/unstably housed§ |
Yes | 111 (56.6) | 64 (70.3) | 47 (44.8) | 2.93 (1.62-5.29) |
No | 85 (43.4) | 27 (29.7) | 58 (55.2) | |
Recent incarceration§ |
Yes | 24 (12.2) | 16 (17.6) | 8 (7.6) | 2.59 (1.05-6.37) |
No | 172 (87.8) | 75 (82.4) | 97 (92.4) | |
Sold drugs‡ |
Yes | 63 (32.1) | 30 (33.0) | 33 (31.4) | 1.07 (0.59-1.96) |
No | 133 (67.8) | 61 (67.0) | 72 (68.6) | |
Engaged in sex work§ |
Yes | 38 (19.4) | 16 (17.6) | 22 (21.0) | 0.81 (0.39-1.65) |
No | 158 (80.6) | 75 (82.4) | 83 (79.0) | |
Usually injected downtown§ |
Yes | 51 (26.0) | 32 (35.2) | 19 (18.1) | 2.46 (1.27-4.74) |
No | 145 (74.0) | 59 (64.8) | 86 (81.9) | |
Usually injected in Old East§ |
Yes | 105 (53.6) | 47 (51.6) | 58 (55.2) | 0.87 (0.49-1.52) |
No | 91 (46.4) | 44 (48.4) | 47 (44.8) | |
Frequent opioid injection§ |
Yes | 104 (53.1) | 62 (68.1) | 42 (40.0) | 3.21 (1.78-5.78) |
No | 92 (46.9) | 29 (31.9) | 63 (60.0) | |
Frequent crystal methamphetamine injection§ | | | | |
Yes | 70 (35.7) | 47 (51.6) | 23 (21.9) | 3.80 (2.05-7.07) |
No | 126 (64.3) | 44 (48.4) | 82 (78.1) | |
Usually injected alone§ |
Yes | 106 (54.1) | 54 (59.3) | 52 (49.5) | 1.49 (0.84-2.62) |
No | 90 (45.9) | 37 (40.6) | 53 (50.5) | |
Needed help injecting§ |
Yes | 63 (32.1) | 31 (34.1) | 32 (30.5) | 1.18 (0.65-2.15) |
No | 133 (67.8) | 60 (65.9) | 73 (69.5) | |
Shared syringe§ |
Yes | 44 (22.4) | 30 (33.0) | 14 (13.3) | 3.25 (1.59-6.63) |
No | 151 (77.0) | 60 (65.9) | 91 (86.7) | |
Ever overdosed unintentionally |
Yes | 48 (24.5) | 28 (30.8) | 20 (19.0) | 1.87 (0.97-3.63) |
No | 145 (74.0) | 62 (68.1) | 83 (79.0) | |
Any substance use treatment |
Yes | 83 (42.3) | 41 (45.0) | 42 (40.0) | 1.26 (0.71-2.23) |
No | 110 (56.1) | 48 (52.7) | 62 (59.0) | |