Article Figures & Tables
Tables
- Table 1: Characteristics of grade 9-12 students who participated in the 2014-2015 Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey
Characteristic Sample size Weighted %*(99% CI) Canada (total) 24 650 Sex Female 12 514 48.6 (48.6-48.6) Male 12 136 51.4 (51.4-51.5) Grade 9 7200 25.2 (25.2-25.2) 10 6986 25.3 (25.2-5.3) 11 6193 25.5 (25.5-25.5) 12 4271 24.0 (24.0-24.1) Ethnicity White 16 970 60.9 (52.3-69.4) Black 859 4.7 (3.0-6.3) Asian 3597 22.7 (14.6-30.9) Latin American 434 2.3 (1.2-3.3) Aboriginal 1684 4.7 (3.0-6.3) Other 955 4.8 (3.5-6.0) Missing values 151 Province British Columbia 3862 12.9 (12.6-13.3) Alberta 3957 10.8 (10.5-11.1) Saskatchewan 1895 3.2 (3.1-3.3) Manitoba 1863 4.0 (3.9-4.1) Ontario 3657 46.3 (45.1-47.6) Quebec 2608 15.9 (15.5-16.3) Nova Scotia 2778 2.7 (2.6-2.7) Prince Edward Island 1446 0.5 (0.5-0.5) Newfoundland and Labrador 2458 1.4 (1.3-1.4) School socioeconomic status Low median 12 066 44.9 (28.6-61.1) High median 12 584 55.1 (38.9-71.4) Urban Yes 15 801 79.5 (68.1-90.9) No 8849 20.5 (9.1-31.9)* Ever binge drink Does not drink 8316 38.8 (34.4-43.2) Drinks but no binging 4052 18.1 (16.2-20.1) Binge drinks 10 955 43.1 (39.6-46.5) Missing values 1327 Note: CI = confidence interval.
*Presented as a proportion of complete data (i.e., does not include missing values).
- Table 2: Weighted prevalence and logistic regression analysis* of variables related to the odds of driving within an hour of drinking at least 1 drink among 10 411 grade 11-12 students
Variable In last 30 d Ever Weighted prevalence (95% CI), % Odds ratio (99% CI) Weighted prevalence (95% CI), % Odds ratio (99% CI) Canada (total) 3.5 (2.8-4.2) 9.1 (7.9-10.3) Sex Female 2.7 (1.8-3.5) 0.516 (0.264-1.011) 6.8 (5.3-8.2) 0.477 (0.290-0.786) Male 4.3 (3.2-5.4) Reference 11.4 (9.4-13.4) Reference Grade 11 2.9 (2.2-3.6) Reference 7.1 (6.1-8.1) Reference 12 4.2 (3.2-5. 1) 1.406 (0.883-2.240) 11.3 (9.2-13.4) 1.642 (1.115-2.417) Ethnicity White 3.7 (2.7-4.6) Reference 10.4 (8.5-12.3) Reference Black † 2.645 (0.730-9.584) 7.1(2.6-11.5)‡ 1.096 (0.409-2.940) Asian 1.6 (0.7-2.5)‡ 1.000 (0.417-2.399) 4.4(2.8-5.9)‡ 0.850 (0.440-1.643) Latin American † 5.238 (0.278-98.553) 16.7(6.5-27.0)‡ 2.658 (0.405-17.433) Aboriginal 5.8 (2.6-9.1)‡ 1.441 (0.518-4.007) 14.7 (9.5-19.9)‡ 1.031 (0.529-2.008) Other † 2.433 (0.743-7.968) 10.3(4.7-15.3)‡ 1.694 (0.549-5.234) Province British Columbia 4.5 (3.1-6.0) 1.583 (0.681-3.677) 12.4 (9.4-15.4) 2.065 (1.125-3.791) Alberta 3.4 (2.2-4.5)‡ 1.339 (0.558-3.214) 9.5 (7.2-11.8) 1.699 (1.033-2.795) Saskatchewan 9.8 (4.9-14.8)‡ 3.679 (1.472-9.194) 18.5 (11.4-25.6)‡ 2.926 (1.510-5.670) Manitoba 2.4 (1.5-3.4)‡ 0.630 (0.254-1.564) 11.1(5.8-16.4)‡ 1.474 (0.625-3.477) Ontario 2.3 (1.5-3.3)‡ Reference 6.3 (4.4-8.2) Reference Quebec † 1.007 (0.367-2.764) 9.0 (7.0-11.0) 1.213 (0.656-2.243) Nova Scotia 4.0 (2.3-5.6)‡ 1.109 (0.433-2.839) 10.0 (7.9-12.1) 1.299 (0.796-2.120) Prince Edward Island 3.8 (2.7-4.9) 1.174 (0.562-2.458) 11.7 (8.3-15.0) 1.462 (0.799-2.674) Newfoundland and Labrador 5.5 (4.4-6.5) 1.716 (0.827-3.563) 13.9(9.2-18.6)‡ 1.828 (1.042-3.208) School socioeconomic status Low median 3.6 (2.6-4.6) Reference 10.5(8.0-13.0) Reference High median 3.5 (2.5-4.4) 1.219 (0.605-2.457) 8.0 (6.7-9.4) 0.889 (0.518-1.526) Urban Yes 2.6 (1.9-3.3) Reference 7.2 (5.9-8.5) Reference No 7.6 (5.9-9.4) 2.326 (1.312-4.125) 17.6 (13.7-21.4) 1.712 (1.163-2.520) Drinking behaviour Does not drink † Reference † Reference Drinks but no binging 0.7 (0.4-1.0)‡ 1.113 (0.146-8.470) 2.9 (1.6-4.2)‡ 2.391 (0.527-10.839) Binge drinks 5.9 (4.9-7.0) 8.559 (1.188-61.655) 15.1 (13.0-17.1) 12.725 (3.284-49.308) Note: CI = confidence interval.
*All logistic regressions were conducted with the use of a complete-case methods approach, so the results presented here are among all cases with complete data.
†High sampling variability/insufficient sample size; data suppressed.
‡Moderate sampling variability; interpret with caution.
- Table 3: Weighted prevalence and logistic regression analysis* of variables related to the odds of driving within 2 hours of using marijuana among 10 411 grade 11-12 students
Variable In last 30 d Ever Weighted prevalence (95% CI), % Odds ratio (99% CI) Weighted prevalence (95% CI), % Odds ratio (99% CI) Canada (total) 4.7 (3.9-5.5) 9.4 (8.3-10.4) Sex Female 3.2 (2.1-4.3)† 0.448 (0.240-0.834) 7.1 (5.6-8.6) 0.517 (0.333-0.805) Male 6.1 (4.9-7.3) Reference 11.5 (10.0-13.0) Reference Grade 11 3.6 (2.8-4.3) Reference 7.2 (6.1-8.4) Reference 12 6.0 (4.5-7.4) 1.533 (0.959-2.452) 11.6 (9.8-13.5) 1.584 (1.072-2.339) Ethnicity White 4.7 (3.7-5.8) Reference 10.2 (8.9-11.4) Reference Black ‡ 2.610 (0.823-8.274) 8.4 (3.5-13.3)† 1.337 (0.465-3.842) Asian 2.3 (1.0-3.6)† 0.982 (0.438-2.198) 4.0 (2.6-5.4)† 0.733 (0.393-1.369) Latin American ‡ 4.189 (0.273-64.273) ‡ 3.698 (0.722-18.934) Aboriginal 13.2 (9.1-17.2) 2.529 (1.244-5.143) 23.0 (16.9-29.2) 2.005 (1.140-3.526) Other ‡ 1.126 (0.308-4.114) 10.0 (4.4-15.5)† 1.692 (0.690-4.146) Province British Columbia 6.9 (4.8-9.0)‡ 1.849 (0.676-5.062) 12.5 (8.6-16.4) 1.757 (0.815-3.787) Alberta 3.5 (2.0-5.0)‡ 0.992 (0.400-2.459) 8.0 (6.2-9.8) 1.241 (0.782-1.970) Saskatchewan 10.5 (6.0-14.9)‡ 2.428 (1.135-5.194) 20.0 (11.7-28.3)‡ 2.665 (1.519-4.677) Manitoba 4.8 (3.0-6.7)‡ 1.050 (0.435-2.534) 14.1 (8.3-20.0)‡ 1.757 (0.832-3.710) Ontario 3.5 (2.1-4.9)‡ Reference 7.2 (5.8-8.6) Reference Quebec 3.5 (2.2-4.7)‡ 0.850 (0.348-2.075) 6.9 (4.7-9.0) 0.773 (0.450-1.327) Nova Scotia 7.6 (6.5-8.6) 1.842 (1.092-3.107) 15.2 (13.0-17.3) 1.867 (1.329-2.621) Prince Edward Island 10.9 (9.1-12.6) 2.892 (1.478-5.656) 16.3 (14.0-18.6) 1.993 (1.375-2.888) Newfoundland and Labrador 10.1 (8.1-12.2) 2.723 (1.476-5.023) 18.9 (16.6-21.3) 2.394 (1.582-3.625) School socioeconomic status Low median 5.0 (3.4-6.6) Reference 10.3 (8.2-12.4) Reference High median 4.4 (3.4-5.4) 0.989 (0.479-2.043) 8.6 (7.3-9.9) 1.037 (0.619-1.738) Urban Yes 4.2 (3.3-5.1) Reference 8.2 (7.0-9.4) Reference No 6.8 (4.0-9.6)‡ 1.029 (0.537-1.974) 14.5 (11.5-17.4) 1.228 (0.891-1.693) Drinking behaviour Does not drink † Reference † Reference Drinks but no binging 0.7 (0.4-1.0)‡ 0.879 (0.175-4.428) 1.5 (0.8-2.2)‡ 1.089 (0.366-3.244) Binge drinks 8.0 (6.7-9.2) 10.128 (2.283-44.940) 16.0 (14.4-17.6) 12.934 (4.360-38.366) Note: CI = confidence interval.
*All logistic regressions were conducted with the use of a complete-case methods approach, so the results presented here are among all cases with complete data.
†Moderate sampling variability; interpret with caution.
‡High sampling variability/insufficient sample size; data suppressed.
- Table 4: Logistic regression analysis* of variables related to the odds of riding with a driver who had had at least 1 drink within the previous hour among 22 684 grade 9-12 students
Variable In last 30 d Ever Weighted prevalence (95% CI), % Odds ratio (99% CI) Weighted prevalence (95% CI), % Odds ratio (99% CI) Canada (total) 11.0 (10.2-11.9) 34.6 (32.4-36.9) Sex Female 12.2 (10.9-13.6) 1.233 (0.990-1.536) 38.2 (35.5-41.0) 1.337 (1.159-1.543) Male 9.9 (8.9-10.9) Reference 31.2 (29.1-33.3) Reference Grade 9 9.1 (7.6-10.6) Reference 29.8 (27.1-32.5) Reference 10 11.1 (9.9-12.2) 0.952 (0.698-1.301) 34.5 (31.9-37.2) 1.006 (0.847-1.196) 11 12.4 (11.1-13.7) 0.995 (0.737-1.344) 36.9 (34.7-39.1) 1.045 (0.869-1.257) 12 11.6 (9.7-13.5) 0.879 (0.652-1.186) 37.3 (32.9-41.7) 1.008 (0.809-1.255) Ethnicity White 13.4 (12.2-14.6) Reference 39.6 (36.8-42.5) Reference Black 7.9 (4.3-11.5)† 0.806 (0.428-1.519) 24.4 (16.6-32.2) 0.691 (0.441-1.084) Asian 5.5 (4.6-6.5) 0.682 (0.492-0.946) 22.4 (20.5-24.3) 0.798 (0.626-1.017) Latin American 7.7 (4.8-10.7)† 0.604 (0.342-1.066) 39.7 (32.4-47.0) 1.112 (0.697-1.774) Aboriginal 12.4 (9.8-15.0) 0.860 (0.564-1.312) 42.7 (37.6-47.8) 1.014 (0.740-1.389) Other 11.0 (8.1-13.9) 1.051 (0.662-1.667) 30.1 (22.3-37.9) 0.874 (0.568-1.344) Province British Columbia 11.4 (8.8-13.9) 1.237 (0.860-1.780) 34.9 (28.7-41.1) 1.059 (0.773-1.452) Alberta 9.9 (7.6-12.1) 1.200 (0.808-1.781) 31.3 (28.7-33.8) 1.009 (0.740-1.376) Saskatchewan 14.7 (11.3-18.1) 1.444 (1.029-2.026) 38.7 (29.1-48.2) 1.070 (0.702-1.630) Manitoba 9.1 (7.0-11.1) 0.888 (0.578-1.366) 30.5 (24.4-36.6) 0.790 (0.516-1.210) Ontario 9.1 (7.8-10.3) Reference 30.9 (26.7-35.1) Reference Quebec 15.4 (12.4-18.5) 1.309 (0.881-1.946) 43.8 (40.0-47.5) 1.204 (0.855-1.694) Nova Scotia 9.2 (7.8-10.7) 0.807 (0.615-1.060) 30.6 (27.8-33.3) 0.799 (0.588-1.087) Prince Edward Island 10.6 (9.0-12.2) 0.939 (0.646-1.365) 34.8 (31.9-37.8) 0.895 (0.648-1.236) Newfoundland and Labrador 10.0 (8.3-11.7) 0.864 (0.684-1.090) 31.4 (26.2-36.7) 0.789 (0.579-1.076) School socioeconomic status Low median 12.2 (10.9-13.6) Reference 40.0 (37.0-43.0) Reference High median 10.1 (8.8-11.4) 0.997 (0.807-1.231) 30.3 (27.1-33.4) 0.789 (0.620-1.004) Urban Yes 9.6 (8.6-10.7) Reference 30.7 (28.3-33.3) Reference No 16.4 (14.1-18.6) 1.094 (0.841-1.425) 49.5 (46.2-52.8) 1.394 (1.128-1.723) Drinking behaviour Does not drink 3.5 (2.8-4.1) Reference 17.0 (14.8-19.2) Reference Drinks but no binging 8.5 (6.8-9.5) 2.259 (1.432-3.561) 32.9 (29.1-36.8) 2.072 (1.600-2.685) Binge drinks 18.5 (17.1-20.0) 5.425 (3.681-7.995) 49.8 (47.1-52.6) 3.893 (3.138-4.829) Note: CI = confidence interval.
*All logistic regressions were conducted with the use of a complete-case methods approach, so the results presented here are among all cases with complete data.
†Moderate sampling variability; interpret with caution.
- Table 5: Logistic regression analysis* of variables related to the odds of riding with a driver who had used marijuana within 2 hours of driving among 22 504 grade 9-12 students
Variable In last 30 d Ever Weighted prevalence (95% CI), % Odds ratio (99% CI) Weighted prevalence (95% CI), % Odds ratio (99% CI) Canada (total) 9.0 (7.9-10.1) 19.8 (18.0-21.6) Sex Female 8.9 (7.7-10.2) 0.892 (0.627-1.269) 19.9 (18.0-21.8) 0.909 (0.705-1.171) Male 9.1 (7.6-10.7) Reference 19.6 (17.4-21.8) Reference Grade 9 4.0 (2.9-5.0) Reference 9.1 (6.9-11.3) Reference 10 6.4 (5.3-7.5) 1.325 (0.946-1.856) 15.5 (13.0-18.0) 1.338 (0.942-1.900) 11 10.6 (9.2-11.9) 1.872 (1.196-2.929) 22.5 (20.5-24.4) 1.893 (1.310-2.735) 12 15.4 (11.8-19.1) 2.546 (1.452-4.463) 32.4 (27.4-37.4) 2.947 (1.873-4.638) Ethnicity White 10.3 (8.6-11.9) Reference 22.9 (20.0-25.8) Reference Black 8.2 (4.4-12.1)† 1.278 (0.605-2.702) 17.0 (11.7-22.2) 1.097 (0.599-2.011) Asian 4.3 (3.1-5.5) 0.730 (0.499-1.069) 8.3 (7.0-9.5) 0.540 (0.338-0.863) Latin American 6.6 (3.5-9.8)† 0.817 (0.336-1.987) 23.9 (17.5-30.3) 1.397 (0.625-3.124) Aboriginal 20.1 (16.5-23.7) 2.068 (1.453-2.942) 38.8 (33.0-44.6) 1.938 (1.364-2.755) Other 7.3 (4.1-10.4)† 0.986 (0.441-2.206) 17.5 (11.6-23.5)† 1.055 (0.518-2.150) Province British Columbia 12.8 (9.7-15.9) 1.807 (1.054-3.098) 24.9 (19.6-30.3) 1.722 (1.119-2.650) Alberta 8.1 (6.6-9.6) 1.204 (0.760-1.907) 18.5 (16.9-20.1) 1.336 (0.946-1.885) Saskatchewan 14.3 (8.6-20.0)† 1.452 (0.876-2.407) 27.1 (15.9-38.4)† 1.319 (0.755-2.305) Manitoba 10.0 (7.2-12.9) 1.015 (0.587-1.755) 22.5 (16.7-28.2) 1.139 (0.644-2.013) Ontario 7.8 (5.7-9.8) Reference 17.2 (14.2-20.1) Reference Quebec 6.7 (4.5-9.0)† 0.824 (0.503-1.351) 17.9 (12.5-23.4)† 0.942 (0.546-1.625) Nova Scotia 13.8 (11.9-15.7) 1.612 (1.008-2.576) 27.8 (25.4-30.3) 1.706 (1.142-2.548) Prince Edward Island 15.3 (13.6-17.1) 1.863 (1.192-2.912) 29.2 (26.9-31.6) 1.743 (1.181-2.571) Newfoundland and Labrador 15.9 (12.6-19.3) 1.945 (1.104-3.427) 31.3 (28.1-34.5) 1.942 (1.265-2.980) School socioeconomic status Low median 10.1 (8.0-12.2) Reference 22.9 (19.2-26.6) Reference High median 8.2 (6.7-9.6) 1.038 (0.561-1.918) 17.2 (14.9-19.5) 0.948 (0.611-1.472) Urban Yes 8.5 (7.2-9.8) Reference 18.2 (16.1-20.4) Reference No 11.1 (8.7-13.5) 0.854 (0.607-1.202) 25.5 (21.9-29.2) 0.888 (0.635-1.244) Drinking behaviour Does not drink 1.2 (0.8-1.7)† Reference 3.2 (2.6-3.8) Reference Drinks but no binging 3.3 (2.5-4.0) 2.320 (1.451-3.710) 9.4 (8.1-10.7) 2.608 (1.945-3.497) Binge drinks 18.1 (16.1-20.1) 14.173 (8.335-24.099) 37.5 (34.5-40.5) 13.693 (10.300-18.203) Note: CI = confidence interval.
*All logistic regressions were conducted with the use of a complete-case methods approach, so the results presented here are among all cases with complete data.
†Moderate sampling variability; interpret with caution.